( Gadus 3 morhua ) fed diets with Camelina oil as replacement for fish oil 4 5

CBP manuscript 20354 Part B 1 2 Transcriptomic analyses of intestinal gene expression of juvenile Atlantic cod (Gadus 3 morhua) fed diets with Camelina oil as replacement for fish oil 4 5 Sofia Morais*, Rolf B. Edvardsen, Douglas R. Tocher, J. Gordon Bell 6 7 a Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, 8 Scotland, UK 9 b Institute of Marine Research, PO Box 1870, Nordnes N-5817 Bergen, Norway 10 11 Email addresses: [email protected] (S. Morais), [email protected] (R.B. 12 Edvardsen), [email protected] (D.R. Tocher), [email protected] (J.G. Bell) 13 14 *Corresponding author: Sofia Morais, Institute of Aquaculture, Faculty of Natural Sciences, 15 University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland, UK 16 Email: [email protected] 17 Tel.: +441786467993; Fax: +441786472133 18 19 Abstract 20 For aquaculture of marine species to continue to expand, dietary fish oil (FO) must be replaced 21 with more sustainable vegetable oil (VO) alternatives. Most VO are rich in n-6 polyunsaturated 22 fatty acids (PUFA) and few are rich in n-3 PUFA but Camelina oil (CO) is unique in that, besides 23 high 18:3n-3 and n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio, it also contains substantial long-chain monoenes, 24 commonly found in FO. Cod (initial weight ~1.4 g) were fed for 12 weeks diets in which FO was 25 replaced with CO. Growth performance, feed efficiency and biometric indices were not affected 26 but lipid levels in liver and intestine tended to increase and those of flesh, decrease, with 27 increasing dietary CO although only significantly for intestine. Reflecting diet, tissue n-3 long28 chain PUFA levels decreased whereas 18:3n-3 and 18:2n-6 increased with inclusion of dietary 29 CO. Dietary replacement of FO by CO did not induce major metabolic changes in intestine, but 30